Protective Effects of Mangosteen Extract on H2O2-Induced Cytotoxicity in SK-N-SH Cells and Scopolamine-Induced Memory Impairment in Mice

Jintana Sattayasai,Pongsatorn Chaonapan,Tarinee Arkaravichie,Rungtip Soi-ampornkul,Sarawut Junnu,Patcharakajee Charoensilp,Jutima Samer,Jiraporn Jantaravinid,Patarabutr Masaratana,Bhoom Suktitipat,Juthatip Manissorn,Visith Thongboonkerd,Neelobol Neungton,Primchanien Moongkarndi 

Abstract

Mangosteen extracts (ME) contain high levels of polyphenolic compounds and antioxidant activity. Protective effects of ME against β-amyloid peptide (Aβ), induced cytotoxicity have been reported. Here, we further studied the protective effects of ME against oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and demonstrated the protection against memory impairment in mice. The cytoprotective effects of ME were measured as cell viability and the reduction in ROS activity. In SK-N-SH cell cultures, 200 μg/ml ME could partially antagonize the effects of 150 or 300 μM H2O2 on cell viability, ROS level and caspase-3 activity. At 200, 400 or 800 μg/ml, ME reduced AChE activity of SK-N-SH cells to about 60% of the control.In vivostudy, Morris water maze and passive avoidance tests were used to assess the memory of the animals. ME, especially at 100 mg/kg body weight, could improve the animal memory and also antagonize the effect of scopolamine on memory. The increase in ROS level and caspase-3 activity in the brain of scopolamine-treated mice were antagonized by the ME treatment. The study demonstrated cytoprotective effects of ME against H2O2

α-mangostin (isolated from mangosteen or from commercially available compound; Chengdu Biopurify Phytochemicals Ltd., Sichuan, China)